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Mineral Sands

Mineral sands is an industry term for heavy mineral deposits found in sand, typically extracted from coastal dunes, ancient shorelines and alluvial deposits. The sector focuses on mining and processing titanium minerals (ilmenite and rutile), zircon and, in some deposits, rare earths and other heavy minerals. Titanium minerals are used primarily in the production of titanium dioxide pigment for paints, plastics and paper, as well as titanium metal for aerospace and industrial applications. Zircon finds application in ceramics, refractories and foundry casting, while rare earths recovered from certain mineral sands deposits are critical for magnets, electronics and clean energy technologies. Australia is the world's leading producer of mineral sands, with significant operations in Western Australia and New South Wales, followed by South Africa, Kenya, Mozambique and other coastal nations. The industry employs dredging and dry mining techniques, followed by gravity separation and electrostatic or magnetic processing to concentrate the valuable heavy minerals. Mineral sands producers supply feedstock to downstream processors in Asia, Europe and North America, with demand driven by construction, automotive, electronics and renewable energy sectors. The sector has grown in strategic importance as governments classify titanium and zircon as critical minerals essential for advanced manufacturing and national security. Environmental management focuses on rehabilitation of mined dunes, water use and radiation safety, as some heavy mineral sands contain low levels of naturally occurring radioactive materials.

Mineral Sands News


Image of mineral sands
Donald rare earth and mineral sands project, Australia
5th June 2026 By: Sheila Barradas

The Donald project is a globally significant rare earth and mineral sands project, with the potential to become a long-term supplier of critical rare-earth elements. 


Ariel view of Moma mine site
Plant upgrade to unlock long-term production
5th June 2026 By: Devina Haripersad

The upgrade and transition of Wet Concentrator Plant A (WCP A) to the Nataka ore zone at the Moma Titanium Minerals mine, in Mozambique, will unlock the majority of the operation’s... 


A shear zone at BWA Group's Aracari project, in Cameroon
Canadian, Cameroon mining investor BWA Group appoints new CEO
4th June 2026 By: Marleny Arnoldi

UK-listed mining investment company BWA Group has promoted nonexecutive director Peter Taylor as CEO effective June 1. Taylor has been a nonexecutive director of BWA Group since August 2024,... 


The Grande Côte mineral sands operation
Eramet appoints CFO, partially restarts Senegal mineral sands processing after Feb fire
27th May 2026 By: Creamer Media Reporter

Diversified metals miner Eramet has appointed Simon Henochsberg to succeed Abel Martins as group CFO and has announced the partial restart of mineral sands processing at its Grande Côte operation,... 


RBM MD Werner Duvenhage
Duvenhage to step down as Richards Bay Minerals MD
26th May 2026 By: Creamer Media Reporter

Werner Duvenhage will step down as MD of mineral sands producer Richards Bay Minerals (RBM) and Rio Tinto Iron and Titanium Africa Operations, with effect from July 31, to pursue an opportunity... 


Electricity and Energy Minister Dr Kgosientsho Ramokgopa
Ramokgopa visits Tronox smelter in push to revive industrial growth
19th May 2026 By: Lumkile Nkomfe

South Africa’s efforts to stabilise energy supply and support industrial recovery were highlighted during Electricity and Energy Minister Dr Kgosientsho Ramokgopa’s visit to titanium feedstock... 


President Cyril Ramaphosa
RBM hosts Ramaphosa during landmark visit as company marks 50 years
8th May 2026 By: Sabrina Jardim

Mining giant Rio Tinto’s subsidiary Richards Bay Minerals (RBM) hosted president Cyril Ramaphosa during his visit to the Richards Bay region on May 7, marking his first official visit to the... 


Image of a box of rare-earth samples
Zulti South project, South Africa
8th May 2026 By: Sheila Barradas

Mineral sands producer Richards Bay Minerals plans to start construction on the project imminently. 


Lynas Rare Earths site
Australia, Japan strengthen critical minerals ties
4th May 2026 By: Reuters

Australia and Japan have beefed up their cooperation around critical minerals amid a State visit by Japan's prime minister, with the countries providing A$1.67-billion, or $1.20 billion, in support... 


Image of South Africa map/flag
Zulti South project, South Africa – update
17th April 2026 By: Sheila Barradas

Richards Bay Minerals (RBM) and Voltalia announced on April 8, 2026, that the Bolobedu Solar Farm, in Limpopo, had reached commissioning. The renewable power will be supplied to RBM’s KwaZulu-Natal... 


Appian CEO of critical minerals Paulo Castellari
Appian appoints new CEO of critical minerals
15th April 2026 By: Creamer Media Reporter

Investment adviser to long-term value-focused private capital funds investing in companies in metals, mining and adjacent industries, Appian Capital Advisory has appointed Paulo Castellari as CEO... 


Robust economics for Donald REE project
Robust economics for Donald REE project
31st March 2026 By: Creamer Media Reporter

Critical minerals company Astron has delivered a bankable feasibility study (BFS) for Phase 1 of its Donald rare earth and mineral sands project, confirming strong project economics as it advances... 


Image of mineral sands
Goschen rare earths and mineral sands project, Australia – update
27th March 2026 By: Sheila Barradas

The project has been approved for development. 


VHM opts for full-scale development of Goschen rare earths project
VHM opts for full-scale development of Goschen rare earths project
23rd March 2026 By: Mariaan Webb

Exploration and development company VHM has approved a shift to full-scale development of its Goschen rare earths and mineral sands project in Victoria, abandoning a previously planned staged... 


Thunderbird operations resume after dry mining unit repair
18th March 2026 By: Creamer Media Reporter

Mineral sands miner Sheffield Resources has resumed mining and processing operations at the Thunderbird mine in Western Australia following repairs to key equipment. Operations at the Kimberley... 


Image of rare earths
Vara Mada (formerly Toliara) rare earth and heavy mineral sands project, Madagascar
13th March 2026 By: Sheila Barradas

In January 2026, an updated feasibility study confirmed Vara Mada's exceptional economics and its world-class quantities of high-quality rare earths, titanium and zircon. 


Sheffield withdraws March outlook after operational issues at Thunderbird
Sheffield withdraws March outlook after operational issues at Thunderbird
11th March 2026 By: Mariaan Webb

Mineral sands producer Sheffield Resources has withdrawn its production and shipment outlook for the March 2026 quarter for the Thunderbird mineral sands mine, citing operational disruptions at the... 


DMPR Minister Gwede Mantashe
DMPR welcomes Rio Tinto’s investment in Zulti South project
4th March 2026 By: Sabrina Jardim

The Department of Mineral and Petroleum Resources (DMPR) has welcomed the announcement by mining giant Rio Tinto that its subsidiary Richards Bay Minerals (RBM) will proceed with an R8.5-billion... 


The EGC mineral sands operation in Senegal
Eramet declares force majeure at Senegal mineral sands mine following a fire
26th February 2026 By: Creamer Media Reporter

French minerals resources company Eramet has declared force majeure at its Grande Côte (EGC) mineral sands operation, in Senegal, after a localised fire occured at the wet concentrator plant (WCP)... 


Australian critical minerals miner Iluka falls on flagging impairment of minerals sands unit
Australian critical minerals miner Iluka falls on flagging impairment of minerals sands unit
29th January 2026 By: Reuters

Australia's Iluka Resources said on Thursday it expects to recognise two exceptional items, including an impairment of its mineral sands business, putting its shares on course for their largest... 


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