The lithium mine Zijin Mining Group plans to open this year in the Democratic Republic of Congo is set to be one of the world’s biggest suppliers of the battery metal.

The Chinese company – which has grown at breakneck speed to become a top producer of copper and gold – has been developing the Manono lithium project in southeastern Congo since it secured the prized deposit in 2023.

The mine, which Zijin aims to commission this June, will be able to supply 130 000 tons of lithium carbonate equivalent a year once it reaches full capacity, according to a report the company released on March 20.

That “would put Manono in the highest echelons” of hard-rock lithium assets, with only a couple of giant mines in Australia having the capacity to produce more, said Martin Jackson, head of battery materials markets at consultancy CRU Group.

While the report didn’t specify how long it will take for the mine to hit full capacity, it will be a significant contributor to global production of the metal used in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. At full tilt in 2028, Zijin’s new operation would account for 5% of mined lithium supply, according to Jackson.

The Manono project has a complicated history because another company, Australia’s AVZ Minerals, still claims the rights to the area Zijin will soon start mining. Congo revoked AVZ’s license three years ago – after the Perth-based firm had found Manono to contain one of the largest hard-rock lithium deposits in the world – before awarding the northern portion of the concession to the Chinese miner.

AVZ has initiated arbitration proceedings against the Congolese state as part of efforts to recover the entire permit. The southern section of Manono has also caught the attention of KoBold Metals – an AI-driven exploration startup whose backers include billionaires Bill Gates and Marc Andreessen – as American investors try to capitalize on a US-Congo minerals partnership signed in December.

During a meeting at the White House earlier this year, Trump administration officials urged an AVZ executive to sell his firm’s interest in Manono to a US company, which could then develop a second mine, Bloomberg reported.

Zijin’s mine – which the report said is costing $1.4-billion to build – will likely produce between 850 000 and 875 000 tons of lithium concentrate a year at full capacity, according to Jackson and Chris Williams, an analyst at industry consultancy Adamas Intelligence. Lithium concentrate is a semi-processed material that is refined into higher-value battery-grade compounds.

A smelter that the company intends to finish by the end of the year will process about 500 000 tons of concentrate a year into an intermediate lithium sulfate product, according to its own report.

The Chinese firm owns almost 55% of the Manono project, with the Congolese state holding the rest of the shares. Zijin has additional interests in two copper mines in the Central African nation, including a 39.6% stake in the massive Kamoa-Kakula complex.

An aggressive acquisition strategy has also transformed Zijin into a top-five gold producer, with mines spread across China, Central Asia, Africa, Australasia and South America.

Africa – led by Zimbabwe – has rapidly emerged as a major source of lithium for China’s dominant battery industry. Ganfeng Lithium Group Co.’s Goulamina mine in Mali would end up even larger than Zijin’s Congolese operation if it completes an expansion project, according to Adamas Intelligence’ Williams.

In the near term, however, a recent ban by Zimbabwe on exports of lithium concentrate means Manono’s upcoming entry into production “comes at a very tight moment for the market,” said CRU’s Jackson.